Ca2+-induced orientation of tandem collagen binding domains from clostridial collagenase ColG permits two opposing functions of collagen fibril formation and retardation

by Caviness, Perry; Bauer, Ryan; Tanaka, Keisuke; Janowska, Katarzyna; Roeser, Jeffrey Randall; Harter, Dawn; Sanders, Jes; Ruth, Christopher; Matsushita, Osamu; Sakon, Joshua

To penetrate host tissues, histotoxic clostridia secrete virulence factors including enzymes to hydrolyze extracellular matrix. Clostridium histolyticum, recently renamed as Hathewaya histolytica, produces two classes of collagenase (ColG and ColH). The high-speed AFM study showed that ColG collagenase moves unidirectionally to plane collagen fibril and rebundles fibril when stalled . The structural explanation of the roles for the tandem collagen-binding segment (CBDs) is illuminated by its calcium-bound crystal structure at 1.9 angstrom resolution (R-work = 15.0%; R-free = 19.6%). Activation may involve calcium-dependent domain rearrangement supported by both small-angle X-ray scattering and size exclusion chromatography. At pCa 5 (pCa = -log[Ca2+]), the tandem CBD adopts an extended conformation that may facilitate secretion from the bacterium. At pCa 4, the compact structure seen in the crystal structure is adopted. This arrangement positions the two binding surfaces 55 angstrom apart, and possibly ushers ColG along tropocollagen molecules that allow for unidirectional movement. A sequential binding mode where tighter binding CBD2 binds first could aid in processivity as well. Switch from processive collagenolysis to fibril rearrangement could be concentration dependent. Collagen fibril formation is retarded at 1 : 1 molar ratio of tandem CBD to collagen. Tandem CBD may help isolate a tropocollagen molecule from a fibril at this ratio. At 0.1 : 1 to 0.5 : 1 molar ratios fibril self-assembly was accelerated. Gain of function as a result of gene duplication of CBD for the M9B enzymes is speculated. The binding and activation modes described here will aid in drug delivery design. Accession codesThe full atomic coordinates of the tandem CBD and its corresponding structure factor amplitudes have been deposited in the Protein Data Bank (PDB accession code ). Small-angle X-ray scattering data and corresponding ab initio models have been submitted to the Small Angle Scattering Biological Data Bank (SASBDB). Accession codes CL2, collagenase module 2, CN2, CP2 are assigned to envelopes for tandem CBD at -log[Ca2+] (pCa) 3, 4, 5, and 6, respectively. Accession code DC64 was assigned to the complex of polycystic kidney disease-CBD1-CBD2 with mini-collagen.

Journal
FEBS Journal
Volume
285
Issue
17
Year
2018
Start Page
3254-3269
URL
https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/febs.14611
ISBN/ISSN
1742-4658; 1742-464X
DOI
10.1111/febs.14611