Structure and mechanism of endo/exocellulase E4 from Thermomonospora fusca

by Sakon, J.; Irwin, D.; Wilson, D. B.; Karplus, P. A.

Cellulase E4 from Thermomonospora fusca is unusual in that it has characteristics of both exo- and endo-cellulases. Here we report the crystal structure of a 68K M-r fragment of E4 (E4-68) at 1.9 Angstrom resolution. E4-68 contains both a family 9 catalytic domain, exhibiting an (alpha/alpha)(6) barrel fold, and a family III cellulose binding domain, having an antiparallel beta-sandwich fold. While neither of these folds is novel, E4-68 provides the first cellulase structure having interacting catalytic and cellulose binding domains. The complexes of E4-68 with cellopentaose, cellotriose and cellobiose reveal conformational changes associated with ligand binding and allow us to propose a catalytic mechanism for family 9 enzymes. We also provide evidence that E4 has two novel characteristics: first it combines exo- and endo-activities and second, when it functions as an exo-cellulase, it cleaves off cellotetraose units.

Journal
Nature Structural Biology
Volume
4
Issue
10
Year
1997
Start Page
810-818
URL
https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nsb1097-810
ISBN/ISSN
1072-8368
DOI
10.1038/nsb1097-810