Geometry and intrinsic tilt of a tryptophan-anchored transmembrane alpha-helix determined by H-2 NMR

by van der Wel, P. C. A.; Strandberg, E.; Killian, J. A.; Koeppe, R. E.

We used solid-state deuterium NMR spectroscopy and an approach involving geometric analysis of labeled alanines (GALA method) to examine the structure and orientation of a designed synthetic hydrophobic, membrane-spanning a-helical peptide in phosphatidylcholine (PC) bilayers. The 19-amino-acid peptide consists of an alternating leucine and alanine core, flanked by tryptophans that serve as interfacial anchors: acetyl-GWW(LA)(6)LWWA-ethanol-amine (WALP19). A single deuterium-labeled alanine was introduced at different positions within the peptide. Peptides were incorporated in oriented bilayers of dilauroyl- (di-C12:0-), dimyristoyl- (di-C14:0-), or dioleoyl- (di-C18:1(c)-) phosphatidylcholine. The NMR data fit well to a WALP19 orientation characterized by a, distinctly nonzero tilt, similar to4degrees from the membrane normal, and rapid reorientation about the membrane normal in all three lipids. Although the orientation of WALP19 varies slightly in the different lipids, hydrophobic mismatch does not seem to be the dominant factor causing the tilt. We suggest rather that the peptide itself has an inherently preferred tilted orientation, possibly related to peptide surface characteristics or the disposition of tryptophan indole anchors relative to the lipids, the peptide backbone, and the membrane/water interface. Additionally, the data allow us to define more precisely the local alanine geometry in this membrane-spanning a-helix.

Journal
Biophysical Journal
Volume
83
Issue
3
Year
2002
Start Page
1479-1488
URL
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0006-3495(02)73918-0
ISBN/ISSN
1542-0086; 0006-3495
DOI
10.1016/s0006-3495(02)73918-0