Conversion of five-, six-, and seven-membered lactams to racemic or scalemic 2-substituted heterocycles by amidoalkylation
by Madan, Sachin; Milano, Peter; Eddings, Daniel Bryant; Gawley, Robert E.
An efficient method for the synthesis of 2-alkyl- and 2-aryl pyrrolidines, piperidines, and azepanes from lactams, in either racemic or enantiopure form, is presented, The lactam nitrogens are acylated with either Boc anhydride or trans-cumylcyclohexyl (TCC) chloroformate. Selective reduction of the lactam carbonyl to the carbinolamide is followed by treatment with benzotriazole. Substitution of the benzotriazole is accomplished by treatment with organometallics, yielding the 2-substituted heterocycles. With TCC, up to 90% diastereoselectivity is achieved. After diastercomer purification, reductive removal of the auxiliary affords enantiopure 2-substituted heterocycles. A mechanistic hypothesis is presented that details the conformational equilibria of the key step.
- Journal
- Journal of Organic Chemistry
- Volume
- 70
- Issue
- 8
- Year
- 2005
- Start Page
- 3066
- ISBN/ISSN
- 0022-3263; 1520-6904
- DOI
- 10.1021/jo048484v