Understanding the interactions between porphyrin-containing photosensitizers and polymer-coated nanoparticles in model biological environments

by Jenkins, Samir V.; Srivatsan, Avinash; Reynolds, Kimberly Y.; Gao, Feng; Zhang, Yongbin; Heyes, Colin D.; Pandey, Ravindra K.; Chen, Jingyi

Non-covalent incorporation of hydrophobic drugs into polymeric systems is a commonly-used strategy for drug delivery because non-covalent interactions minimize modification of the drug molecules whose efficacy is retained upon release. The behaviors of the drug-polymer delivery system in the biological environments it encounters will affect the efficacy of treatment. In this report, we have investigated the interaction between a hydrophobic drug and its encapsulating polymer in model biological environments using a photosensitizer encapsulated in a polymer-coated nanoparticle system. The photosensitizer, 3-(1'-hexyloxyethyl)-3-devinylpyropheophorbide-a (HPPH), was non-covalently incorporated to the poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) layer coated on Au nanocages (AuNCs) to yield AuNC-HPPH complexes. The non-covalent binding was characterized by Scatchard analysis, fluorescence lifetime, and Raman experiments. The dissociation constant between PEG and HPPH was found to be similar to 35 mu M with a maximum loading of similar to 2.5 x 10(5) HPPHs/AuNC. The release was studied in serum-mimetic environment and in vesicles that model human cell membranes. The rate of protein-mediated drug release decreased when using a negatively-charged or cross-linked terminus of the surface-modified PEG. Furthermore, the photothermal effect of AuNCs can initiate burst release, and thus allow control of the release kinetics, demonstrating on-demand drug release. This study provides insights regarding the actions and release kinetics of non-covalent drug delivery systems in biological environments.

Journal
Journal of Colloid and Interface Science
Volume
461
Year
2016
Start Page
225-231
URL
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2015.09.037
ISBN/ISSN
1095-7103; 0021-9797
DOI
10.1016/j.jcis.2015.09.037